Plan and carry out investigations which demonstrate how equal forces can balance objects and how unequal forces can push, pull, or twist objects, making them change their speed, direction, or shape.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence that organisms need a source of energy, air, water, and certain temperature conditions to survive.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence that organisms need a source of energy, air, water, and certain temperature conditions to survive.

Observe, record, and ask questions about temperature, precipitation, and other weather data to identify patterns or changes in local weather.

Observe, record, and ask questions about temperature, precipitation, and other weather data to identify patterns or changes in local weather.

Observe, record, and ask questions about temperature, precipitation, and other weather data to identify patterns or changes in local weather.

Observe, describe, ask questions, and predict seasonal weather patterns; and how those patterns impact plants and animals (including humans).

Observe, describe, ask questions, and predict seasonal weather patterns; and how those patterns impact plants and animals (including humans).

Observe, describe, ask questions, and predict seasonal weather patterns; and how those patterns impact plants and animals (including humans).

Observe, describe, ask questions, and predict seasonal weather patterns; and how those patterns impact plants and animals (including humans).

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how organisms use different body parts for survival.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how organisms use different body parts for survival.

Observe, ask questions, and explain how specialized structures found on a variety of plants and animals (including humans) help them sense and respond to their environment.

Observe, ask questions, and explain how specialized structures found on a variety of plants and animals (including humans) help them sense and respond to their environment.

Observe, ask questions, and explain the differences between the characteristics of living and non-living things.

Investigate how senses can detect light, sound, and vibrations even when they come from far away; use the collected evidence to develop and support an explanation.

Investigate how senses can detect light, sound, and vibrations even when they come from far away; use the collected evidence to develop and support an explanation.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the properties of Earth materials and investigate how humans use natural resources in everyday life.

Develop a model to describe how animals and plants are classified into groups and subgroups according to their similarities.

Observe, describe, and predict life cycles of animals and plants.

Develop and use models about how living things use resources to grow and survive; design and evaluate habitats for organisms using earth materials.

Construct an explanation describing how organisms obtain resources from the environment including materials that are used again by other organisms.

Plan and carry out investigations demonstrating the effect of placing objects made with different materials in the path of a beam of light and predict how objects with similar properties will affect the beam of light.

Observe and explain the Sun’s position at different times during a twenty-four-hour period and changes in the apparent shape of the Moon from one night to another.

Develop a model representing how life on Earth depends on energy from the Sun and energy from other organisms.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate weather data to identify weather patterns.

Observe and ask questions about patterns of the motion of the sun, moon, and stars in the sky.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how organisms use different body parts for survival.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how organisms use different body parts for survival.

Observe, ask questions, and explain how specialized structures found on a variety of plants and animals (including humans) help them sense and respond to their environment.

Observe, ask questions, and explain how specialized structures found on a variety of plants and animals (including humans) help them sense and respond to their environment.

Observe, ask questions, and explain how specialized structures found on a variety of plants and animals (including humans) help them sense and respond to their environment.

Investigate how senses can detect light, sound, and vibrations even when they come from far away; use the collected evidence to develop and support an explanation.

Investigate how senses can detect light, sound, and vibrations even when they come from far away; use the collected evidence to develop and support an explanation.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the properties of Earth materials and investigate how humans use natural resources in everyday life.

Observe, describe, and predict life cycles of animals and plants.

Develop and use models about how living things use resources to grow and survive; design and evaluate habitats for organisms using earth materials.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to support an evidence-based explanation that plants and animals produce offspring of the same kind, but offspring are generally not identical to each other or their parents.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to support an evidence-based explanation that plants and animals produce offspring of the same kind, but offspring are generally not identical to each other or their parents.

Plan and carry out investigations which demonstrate how equal forces can balance objects and how unequal forces can push, pull, or twist objects, making them change their speed, direction, or shape.

Plan and carry out investigations which demonstrate how equal forces can balance objects and how unequal forces can push, pull, or twist objects, making them change their speed, direction, or shape.

Observe and investigate how wind and water change the shape of the land resulting in a variety of landforms.

Develop and use models to represent that water can exist in different states and is found in oceans, glaciers, lakes, rivers, ponds, and the atmosphere.

Analyze patterns in weather conditions of various regions of the world and design, test, and refine solutions to protect humans from severe weather conditions.

Construct an argument from evidence regarding positive and negative changes in water and land systems that impact humans and the environment.

Develop a model representing how life on Earth depends on energy from the Sun and energy from other organisms.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence that organisms need a source of energy, air, water, and certain temperature conditions to survive.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence that organisms need a source of energy, air, water, and certain temperature conditions to survive.

Plan and carry out an investigation to determine that matter has mass, takes up space, and is recognized by its observable properties; use the collected evidence to develop and support an explanation.

Plan and carry out investigations to gather evidence to support an explanation on how heating or cooling can cause a phase change in matter.

Obtain, evaluate and communicate information about ways heat energy can cause change in objects or materials.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how organisms use different body parts for survival.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how organisms use different body parts for survival.

Construct an explanation describing how the Sun is the primary source of energy impacting Earth systems.

Construct an explanation describing how the Sun is the primary source of energy impacting Earth systems.

Develop and use models to explain that plants and animals (including humans) have internal and external structures that serve various functions that aid in growth, survival, behavior, and reproduction.

Plan and carry out investigations to demonstrate ways plants and animals react to stimuli.

Plan and carry out investigations to demonstrate ways plants and animals react to stimuli.

Develop and use system models to describe the flow of energy from the Sun to and among living organisms.

Construct an argument from evidence that organisms are interdependent.

Ask questions and investigate the relationship between light, objects, and the human eye.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore how sound waves affect objects at varying distances.

Develop and use models to describe how light and sound waves transfer energy.

Define problem(s) and design solution(s) to minimize the effects of natural hazards.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore and explain the interactions between Earth’s major systems and the impact on Earth’s surface materials and processes.

Collect, analyze, and interpret data to explain weather and climate patterns.

Construct and support an evidence-based argument about the availability of water and its impact on life.

Analyze and interpret environmental data to demonstrate that species either adapt and survive or go extinct over time.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model that explains how energy is moved from place to place through electric currents.

Develop and use a model that explains how energy is moved from place to place through electric currents.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate magnetic forces. 

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence to support an explanation that the gravitational force of Earth on objects is directed toward the planet’s center.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence to support an explanation that the gravitational force of Earth on objects is directed toward the planet’s center.

Construct an explanation based on evidence that the changes in an environment can affect the development of the traits in a population of organisms.

Construct an explanation based on evidence that the changes in an environment can affect the development of the traits in a population of organisms.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate evidence about how natural and human-caused changes to habitats or climate can impact populations.

Analyze and interpret data to explain that matter of any type can be subdivided into particles too small to see and, in a closed system, if properties change or chemical reactions occur, the amount of matter stays the same.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence of the effects that balanced and unbalanced forces have on the motion of objects.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence of the effects that balanced and unbalanced forces have on the motion of objects.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence of the effects that balanced and unbalanced forces have on the motion of objects.

Define problems and design solutions pertaining to force and motion.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Develop and use models to explain that plants and animals (including humans) have internal and external structures that serve various functions that aid in growth, survival, behavior, and reproduction.

Develop and use system models to describe the flow of energy from the Sun to and among living organisms.

Construct an argument from evidence that organisms are interdependent.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore how sound waves affect objects at varying distances.

Develop and use models to describe how light and sound waves transfer energy.

Develop and use models to describe how light and sound waves transfer energy.

Use models to explain seismic waves and their effect on the Earth.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore and explain the interactions between Earth’s major systems and the impact on Earth’s surface materials and processes.

Develop and/or revise a model using various rock types, fossil location, and landforms to show evidence that Earth’s surface has changed over time.

Develop and/or revise a model using various rock types, fossil location, and landforms to show evidence that Earth’s surface has changed over time.

Collect, analyze, and interpret data to explain weather and climate patterns.

Construct and support an evidence-based argument about the availability of water and its impact on life.

Construct and support an evidence-based argument about the availability of water and its impact on life.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model that explains how energy is moved from place to place through electric currents.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate magnetic forces. 

Engage in argument from evidence on the use and impact of renewable and nonrenewable resources to generate electricity.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence to support an explanation that the gravitational force of Earth on objects is directed toward the planet’s center.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence to support an explanation that the gravitational force of Earth on objects is directed toward the planet’s center.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about patterns between the offspring of plants, and the offspring of animals (including humans); construct an explanation of how genetic information is passed from one generation to the next.

Construct an argument based on evidence that inherited characteristics can be affected by behavior and/or environmental conditions.

Plan and carry out investigations to demonstrate that some substances combine to form new substances with different properties and others can be mixed without taking on new properties.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence of the effects that balanced and unbalanced forces have on the motion of objects.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence of the effects that balanced and unbalanced forces have on the motion of objects.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Construct an explanation describing how the Sun is the primary source of energy impacting Earth systems.

Develop and use models to explain that plants and animals (including humans) have internal and external structures that serve various functions that aid in growth, survival, behavior, and reproduction.

Develop and use system models to describe the flow of energy from the Sun to and among living organisms.

Construct an argument from evidence that organisms are interdependent.

Construct an argument from evidence that organisms are interdependent.

Construct an argument from evidence that organisms are interdependent.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore how sound waves affect objects at varying distances.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore how sound waves affect objects at varying distances.

Develop and use models to describe how light and sound waves transfer energy.

Define problem(s) and design solution(s) to minimize the effects of natural hazards.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore and explain the interactions between Earth’s major systems and the impact on Earth’s surface materials and processes.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore and explain the interactions between Earth’s major systems and the impact on Earth’s surface materials and processes.

Plan and carry out an investigation to explore and explain the interactions between Earth’s major systems and the impact on Earth’s surface materials and processes.

Develop and/or revise a model using various rock types, fossil location, and landforms to show evidence that Earth’s surface has changed over time.

Collect, analyze, and interpret data to explain weather and climate patterns.

Construct and support an evidence-based argument about the availability of water and its impact on life.

Construct and support an evidence-based argument about the availability of water and its impact on life.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate how a system transfers energy from one object to another even when the objects are not touching.

Develop and use a model that explains how energy is moved from place to place through electric currents.

Obtain and combine multiple sources of information about ways individual communities, including Minnesota American Indian Tribes and communities and other cultures use evidence and scientific principles to make decisions about the uses of Earth’s resources.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence to support an explanation that the gravitational force of Earth on objects is directed toward the planet’s center.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence to support an explanation that the gravitational force of Earth on objects is directed toward the planet’s center.

Construct an explanation based on evidence that the changes in an environment can affect the development of the traits in a population of organisms.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate evidence about how natural and human-caused changes to habitats or climate can impact populations.

Construct an argument based on evidence that inherited characteristics can be affected by behavior and/or environmental conditions.

Analyze and interpret data to explain that matter of any type can be subdivided into particles too small to see and, in a closed system, if properties change or chemical reactions occur, the amount of matter stays the same.

Plan and carry out investigations to demonstrate that some substances combine to form new substances with different properties and others can be mixed without taking on new properties.

Construct an explanation using evidence to demonstrate that objects can affect other objects even when they are not touching.

Obtain, analyze, and communicate evidence of the effects that balanced and unbalanced forces have on the motion of objects.

Define problems and design solutions pertaining to force and motion.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Analyze and interpret data to determine how and where energy is transferred when objects move.

Investigate and construct an explanation demonstrating that radiation from the Sun provides energy and is absorbed to warm the Earth’s surface and atmosphere.

Investigate and construct an explanation demonstrating that radiation from the Sun provides energy and is absorbed to warm the Earth’s surface and atmosphere.

Investigate and construct an explanation demonstrating that radiation from the Sun provides energy and is absorbed to warm the Earth’s surface and atmosphere.

Use a model to show how the tilt of Earth’s axis causes variations in the length of the day and gives rise to seasons.

Develop and use models to explain how constellations and other night sky patterns appear to move due to Earth’s rotation and revolution.

Develop and use models to demonstrate the interdependence of organisms and their environment including biotic and abiotic factors.

Construct a model that shows the cycling of matter and flow of energy in ecosystems.

Analyze and interpret data to show that changes in states of matter are caused by different rates of movement of atoms in solids, liquids, and gases (Kinetic Theory).

Analyze and interpret data to show that changes in states of matter are caused by different rates of movement of atoms in solids, liquids, and gases (Kinetic Theory).

Analyze and interpret data to show that changes in states of matter are caused by different rates of movement of atoms in solids, liquids, and gases (Kinetic Theory).

Plan and carry out an investigation to demonstrate that variations in temperature and/or pressure affect changes in state of matter.

Develop and use models to represent that matter is made up of smaller particles called atoms.

Develop and use a model to predict how forces act on objects at a distance.

Analyze how humans use technology to store (potential) and/or use (kinetic) energy.

Construct a model that shows the cycling of matter and flow of energy in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.

Construct a model that shows the cycling of matter and flow of energy in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.

Construct a model to explain how the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures provides evidence of the past plate motions.

Analyze and interpret data to construct an explanation for how advances in technology has improved weather prediction.

Analyze and interpret data to construct an explanation for how advances in technology has improved weather prediction.

Develop and use a model to explain how cells, tissues, and organ systems maintain life (animals).

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to provide evidence that all living things are made of cells, cells come from existing cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to provide evidence that all living things are made of cells, cells come from existing cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.

Construct an explanation to demonstrate the relationship between major cell structures and cell functions (plant and animal).

Develop and use a model to predict how forces act on objects at a distance.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about data and historical patterns to predict natural hazards and other geological events.

Gather and communicate evidence on how the process of natural selection provides an explanation of how new species can evolve.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate that atoms and molecules can be combined or rearranged in chemical reactions to form new compounds with the total number of each type of atom conserved.

Obtain and evaluate information regarding how scientists identify substances based on unique physical and chemical properties.

Construct an explanation on how energy can be transferred from one energy store to another.

Construct an explanation on how energy can be transferred from one energy store to another.

Develop a solution to increase efficiency when transferring energy from one source to another.

Construct an explanation of how genetic variations occur in offspring through the inheritance of traits or through mutations.

Construct a model that shows the cycling of matter and flow of energy in ecosystems.

Use evidence to construct an argument regarding the impact of human activities on the environment and how they positively and negatively affect the competition for energy and resources in ecosystems.

Engage in argument from evidence to support a claim about the factors that cause species to change and how humans can impact those factors.

Engage in argument from evidence to support a claim about the factors that cause species to change and how humans can impact those factors.

Analyze and interpret data to show that changes in states of matter are caused by different rates of movement of atoms in solids, liquids, and gases (Kinetic Theory).

Plan and carry out an investigation to demonstrate that variations in temperature and/or pressure affect changes in state of matter.

Develop and use a model to predict how forces act on objects at a distance.

Develop and use a model to predict how forces act on objects at a distance.

Analyze how humans use technology to store (potential) and/or use (kinetic) energy.

Construct a model that shows the cycling of matter and flow of energy in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.

Develop and use a model to explain how cells, tissues, and organ systems maintain life (animals). 

Develop and use a model to explain how cells, tissues, and organ systems maintain life (animals).

Construct an explanation for how organisms maintain internal stability and evaluate the effect of the external factors on organisms’ internal stability.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to provide evidence that all living things are made of cells, cells come from existing cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to examine the interdependence of organisms with one another and their environments.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to provide evidence that all living things are made of cells, cells come from existing cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.

Construct an explanation to demonstrate the relationship between major cell structures and cell functions (plant and animal).

Construct an explanation for how some plant cells convert light energy into food energy.

Construct an explanation for how some plant cells convert light energy into food energy.

Collect and analyze data demonstrating how electromagnetic forces can be attractive or repulsive and can vary in strength.

Develop and use a model to predict how forces act on objects at a distance.

Develop and use a model to predict how forces act on objects at a distance.

Plan and carry out an investigation that can support an evidence-based explanation of how objects on Earth are affected by gravitational force.

Use non-algebraic mathematics and computational thinking to explain Newton’s laws of motion.

Use non-algebraic mathematics and computational thinking to explain Newton’s laws of motion.

Analyze and interpret data about the Earth’s geological column to communicate relative ages of rock layers and fossils.

Construct and support an argument about how human consumption of limited resources impacts the biosphere.

Construct an explanation of how genetic variations occur in offspring through the inheritance of traits or through mutations.

Gather and communicate evidence on how the process of natural selection provides an explanation of how new species can evolve.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate that atoms and molecules can be combined or rearranged in chemical reactions to form new compounds with the total number of each type of atom conserved.

Develop and use a model to demonstrate that atoms and molecules can be combined or rearranged in chemical reactions to form new compounds with the total number of each type of atom conserved.

Obtain and evaluate information regarding how scientists identify substances based on unique physical and chemical properties.

Construct an explanation on how energy can be transferred from one energy store to another.

Develop and use mathematical models to explain wave characteristics and interactions.

Investigate and construct an explanation demonstrating that radiation from the Sun provides energy and is absorbed to warm the Earth’s surface and atmosphere.

Use a model to show how the tilt of Earth’s axis causes variations in the length of the day and gives rise to seasons.

Use a model to show how the tilt of Earth’s axis causes variations in the length of the day and gives rise to seasons.

Use ratios and proportions to analyze and interpret data related to scale, properties, and relationships among objects in our solar system.

Use ratios and proportions to analyze and interpret data related to scale, properties, and relationships among objects in our solar system.

Develop and use models to explain how constellations and other night sky patterns appear to move due to Earth’s rotation and revolution.

6.E2U1.9 Develop and use models to construct an explanation of how eclipses, moon phases, and tides occur within the Sun-Earth-Moon system.

Develop and use models to construct an explanation of how eclipses, moon phases, and tides occur within the Sun-Earth-Moon system.

Develop and use models to demonstrate the interdependence of organisms and their environment including biotic and abiotic factors.

Use evidence to construct an argument regarding the impact of human activities on the environment and how they positively and negatively affect the competition for energy and resources in ecosystems.

Engage in argument from evidence to support a claim about the factors that cause species to change and how humans can impact those factors.

Analyze and interpret data to show that changes in states of matter are caused by different rates of movement of atoms in solids, liquids, and gases (Kinetic Theory).

Plan and carry out an investigation to demonstrate that variations in temperature and/or pressure affect changes in state of matter.

Develop and use models to represent that matter is made up of smaller particles called atoms.

Analyze how humans use technology to store (potential) and/or use (kinetic) energy.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to provide evidence that all living things are made of cells, cells come from existing cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to provide evidence that all living things are made of cells, cells come from existing cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.